The impact of icodextrin on the outcomes of incident peritoneal dialysis patients

Objective
The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of icodextrin on the risks of death, technique failure and the first episode of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.

Methods
From medical records of a medical center in Taiwan, a total of 725 newly diagnosed end-stage kidney disease patients receiving PD for at least 90 days from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2018 were identified. These patients were grouped as 190 icodextrin users and 535 non-users. Users were defined as utilization of icodextrin for ≥ 50% of their PD duration. The use of icodextrin was considered a time-varying exposure in the Cox proportional hazard model. The risks of death, technique failure and the first episode of peritonitis were compared between two cohorts by the end of 2018.

Results
Compared to the non-users, the icodextrin users had significant lower risks of mortality (6.5 vs.7.2 per 100 person-years; adjusted HR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.42–0.91) and technique failure (12.7 vs. 15.2 per 100 person-years; adjusted HR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.47–0.81), and the first peritonitis episode (5.0 vs. 17.0 per 100 person-years; adjusted HR = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.14–0.35). The risk of peritonitis reduced further in icodextrin users with diabetes and with cardiovascular disease.

Conclusion
Icodextrin was associated with lower risks of mortality, technique failure, and the first episode of peritonitis.