Enriching Second Language Skills through Cognitive Aspects

Language plays a main role in human civilization. The importance of foreign language is stressed in
educational field. In the field of foreign language acquisition, cognitive function is given priority.
Psychological perspective is the theoretical study about cognitive functioning in acquiring the
language. This paper focuses on components and skills of language. Moreover, psychological
problems in attaining the second language skills are discussed. In learning second language skills,
the LSRW play the prominent role. Listening is preliminary to all other skills. Reading is a complex
mechanism of decoding the messages in print. Speaking is natural expression in language, which is
not always consciously regulated. Speaking implies, speaking with appropriateness to the social
context. Writing is the most difficult and demanding of skills. Listening and speaking are considered to
be the receptive skills and speaking and writing are the productive skills. For second language
learners, all the skills are necessary in proportion of learner’s requirement. The leaner of second
language needs to give more attention on language skills as well as the components of the language.
Phonology, Lexis, grammar and pragmatics are also needed in accomplishing the communicative
competence. The correct direction may help the learners to get success in their goal. The teachers
have to play the main role in language acquisition, because the learners get reinforced by them. The
teacher can follow some techniques to improve the communicative competence of the students.
Some of the techniques are discussed in this paper. This paper also brings out the importance of
language skills and the need of components of language to overcome the barriers in acquiring the
second language.