In vivo and in vitro Study of Piper longum Explants for Anticancerous, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties

Piper longum is a medicinal plant of great importance. The present work is to compare anticancerous,
antibacterial and antioxidant properties of different explants (leaf and stem) of Piper longum in vivo
and in vitro. The anticancerous activity was measured in terms of percentage cytotoxicity and the cell
line used was leukemic cell line K562. Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus,
bacteria were used for determination of antibacterial activity. Solvent extracts were prepared from leaf
and stem explants of Piper longum and their anticancerous, antibacterial and antioxidant activities
were evaluated. Antioxidant activity was measured in terms of percentage (%) Total Phenolic Content
(TPC) and percentage (%) 2,2– diphenyl 1-2-picryl hydrazy1 (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity.
The aqueous Piper longum fruit extract and green synthesized silver nanoparticles showed powerful
antioxidant properties in in vitro studies. The anticancerous, antibacterial and antioxidant effects were
found to be higher for hot extracts than cold extract. Further the results of in vivo explants were better
than in vitro explants, in case of anticancerous activity and results of in vitro explants were better than
in vivo explants, in case of antibacterial and antioxidant activity.