PREVALENCE OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE USING ESTIMATED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE IN CARIBBEAN PATIENTS WITH NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

Background and Objective: The rate of morbidity and mortality increases when chronic kidney disease (CKD) progresses to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This study determines the prevalence rates of different stages of CKD in non-communicable disease (NCD) patients based on estimated-glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR).

Methods: Fasting serum creatinine was measured in a cross section of 880 NCD patients (diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes with hypertension). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) was calculated using the CKD-EPI equation. The Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative classification was used to calculate the different stages of CKD based on e-GFR. Data was analysed using one-way analysis of variance and Chi-squared tests.

Results: 316 (35.9%) of the 880 patients had different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Diabetes patients with hypertension had the highest prevalence rate of combined stage 3A and 3B CKD (12.1%), followed by patients with heart disease (9.6%), hypertension (7.7%) and diabetes (6.1%). The NCD patients who were > 60 years had significantly higher prevalence rates of CKD stages 2, 3A and 3B than patients < 60 years old (p < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in the prevalence rates of CKD stages between the male and female patients and between the patients of the two ethnic groups studied (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Chronic kidney disease is prevalent amongst non-communicable disease patients in this population and warrants a strategic intervention at the clinic levels to avoid its progression to end-stage renal disease.