Introduction of Wetlands

Wetlands have many characteristics which are especially notable in the presence of standing water,
uniquely soil conditions and species, especially vegetation, that are adapted and tolerant of saturated
soils during the growing season. Hydrological conditions and the role of wetlands as ecotones
between land and water systems are unique (Mitsch, 2016).
In nearly every part of the world wetlands are located. They are sometimes referred as landscape
kidneys and ‘supermarkets’ for the ecological services and habitat values they provide (Mitsch, 2016).
While many cultures have lived among wetlands for several centuries, and even depended on them,
modern wetland history until the 1970s was full of misunderstanding and fear. During the developing
world, wetlands were destroyed at alarming rates. Many researchers are therefore recognized as
suitable for wetlands. The preservation of wetlands in many parts of the world has thus become
normal. They continue to be drained for human development in other parts. Since wetlands do not
necessarily include resources protected by existing paradigms in terrestrial and aquatic ecology. As
wetlands are a part of science, the management of wetlands is important to understand the scientific
aspects of wetlands balanced with legal, economic, and institutional realities.
The most common questions that the uninitiated ask about wetlands are “What exactly is a wetland?”
or “Is that the same as a swamp?” These are surprisingly good questions, and it is not altogether clear
that they have been answered completely by wetland scientists and managers. Definitions and terms
for wetlands are many and often confusing or contradictory. However, definitions are important for
both the scientific knowledge and the proper management of these systems.