Comparative Evaluation of Salivary Interleukin-18 in Periodontitis Patients with or without Diabetes Mellitus

Aim: The study was conducted to compare the salivary concentrations of interleukin-18 in periodontitis patients with or without diabetes mellitus

Materials and Methods: The sample size in the study was 30 and categorized into 3 groups, in each group 10 individuals were included in the respective category. The three groups are as follows: Group a- patients with clinically healthy gingiva, Group b- patients with periodontitis and diabetes mellitus, Group c- patients with periodontitis only.

Results: Salivary Interleukin-18 levels were found to be significantly higher (p<0.013) in periodontitis with diabetes mellitus (110±7.0 ng/L) when compared with periodontitis only (70.06±3.5 ng/L) and also when compared with healthy controls (66±5.6 ng/L).

Conclusion: From the study, diabetic patients with periodontitis have increased IL-18 levels than non-diabetic counterparts. Thus salivary IL-18 is an effective non-invasive biomarker associating periodontitis and diabetes mellitus.