Evaluation of Preliminary Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant Activity, Isolation and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds in Waltheria indica Linn

Objective: Waltheria indica Linn, a rare endemic medicinal plant in South India, was studied for phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity, and bioactive compound isolation from a hydroalcoholic extract.

Methods: In-vitro methods such as 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazile (DPPH), 2, 2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), and Reducing Power Assay were used in the study. The method of compound isolation was used to isolate pure compounds. Phytochemical components were screened for particular extracts such as hydroalcoholic, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts at different concentrations (50-1000 μg / mL).

Results: Waltheria indica Linn plant phytochemical analysis in hydro-alcoholic extracts, finds alkaloids, flavonoids, hormones, terpenoids, phenols, tannins, and carbohydrates, among other biochemicals. Ethyl acetate included flavonoids, hormones, terpenoids, phenols, and carbohydrates, but no phlobatannine. In Chloroform extract, there was a very small amount of flavonoid, carbohydrate, and resin phytoconstituents. 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (437.73 g / ml), ABTS assay (381.72 g / ml), and power reduction assay (550.14 g / ml). Two bioactive compounds were isolated they are (E, 7R, 11R) - 3,7,11,15 - tetramethyl hexadec-2- en-1-ol Phytol and 2- Methyl hexadecan- 1- ol 1- Hexadecanol (2-methyl).

Conclusion: The current study confirms the presence of various phytochemicals in Waltheria indica hydro-alcoholic extract, as well as its strong antioxidant ability. It can be studied further in the field of pharmaceutical science with the aid of active compound.